SMART RIDE----一本很好的系统介绍西部调教与骑术的书

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《Ride Smart》

CONTENTS

Preface                                                         4

前言

Foreword                                                       5

序

Introduction                                                    6

导言

1.Nature of the Horse                                           8

大自然中的马

2.Reading the Horse                                            20

了解马

3.Mechanics of the Horse                                       26

马的结构

4.Theories and Philosophies of Horsemanship                     36

马术理论及理念

5.Equipment,Tools of the Horseman’s Trade                      46

马人的装备和工具

6.Selecting the Right Horse                                     64

选择适合的马

7.Equitation,Developing a Good Seat                              70

骑术，形成一个好的骑坐

8. Bareback Riding                                              80

无鞍骑乘（骣骑）

9.Ground work, the Foundation                                   90

马下调训是基础

10.Leading and Advanced Leading                                102

牵马及高级牵马

11.Hobble-Breaking                                             112

打破习惯

12.Longe-Line Techniques                                       120

使用长绳的技巧

13.Preparation for the first Ride                                130

马的首次骑乘准备

14.The First Ride                                              144

首次骑乘

15.Basic Flexibility Exercises                                   158

基础适应性训练

16.Forward Movement                                            164

向前运动

17.Circles and Lead Changes                                    176

圈乘及变换领跑腿

18.The Stop and Back-Up                                       184

停止及后退

19.Work off the Hindquarters                                  194

清理后腿和臀部

20.Trailer Loading                                             208

拖车装运

Conclusion                                                     216

结论

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One-Rein Stopping

单缰停止

Don’t always use both reins to stop. There are variations of the one-rein stop you can practice to help sharpen your horse softer and more supple because if you constantly pull with both reins, your horse might eventually learn to stiffen and brace against you. If you snatch or jerk, he’ll tense his lower jaw or poll, which makes him stiff all over.

不要总是用双缰来做停止动作。不时地改用单缰停止可以有助于使你的马更温和柔顺，因为，如果你持续不变地使用双缰，你的马最终会变得僵硬并抵触你，如果你用力猛拉则他的下颚会变得紧张，最终导致他的僵硬。

Ask for a right-rein stop with a light hold, but support or brace just enough with the left rein to keep your horse straight. Next, stop with the left rein and support enough with the right rein to enforce straightness.

轻控右手缰来做停止动作，但左手缰要保持足够的力度使你的马走直线；然后，再改用左手缰来完成停止并且右手要保持马走直线。

Try putting your hands at an angle. For example, for stopping with the right rein, hold your right hand down low and your left hand up a little higher. Stop with the right, support with the left. This is a very effective way to stop and gives your horse a different feel.

你的手尝试用一定的角度来发出停止指令。比如，用右缰停止时，你的右手低一些而左手高一些，右手完成停止，左手用来保持方向。这是一种非常有效的方法，可以给你的马不同的感觉。

Then, reverse the procedure. Drop your left hand down low, support slightly with the right, Next, use both reins to stop your horse, BY using a combination of ways to stop, you teach him to give to pressure from either rein in any form. It’ll keep your horse light and paying attention to you. Bear in mind, the goal is to achieve a soft or loose-rein stop.

继而，把程序反过来，左手低拉停止，右手轻轻地保持方向；再然后，双缰同时并用来完成停止动作。你这是在教他对来自任意缰和任意形式的压力作出反应，这将使你的马保持轻柔和对你保持注意力。注意记住，最终目标是要用轻柔的动作或根本不用缰来完成停止。

So, in the stop, the most important things are to sit, melt down, say “whoa” and use your hands in a variety of ways.

综上，对于停止动作而言，最重要的是：利用骑坐，向下深坐，说“喔——”以及经常变化的用手方法。

Take hold of your horse only as much as he needs. In other words, take only as much slack out of the reins as required to stop your horse. Never jerk from a loose rein. If you have to take a good hold of your horse, take the slack out of the reins first, then use those reins as much or little as your horse tells you is necessary. As always, learn to listen to your horse. If your horse wants to pull against you, then hold as much as he pulls. If he’s soft, then you be soft. Then quicker you release, the lighter your horse will get.

只是在需要的时候才去控马，换句话说，在要求马停止时尽可能地放松着缰而绝不去随意拉拽。如果你不得不很好地控马，首先要松缰，然后你的马会告诉你在缰上用多少力度就足够了。始终要学会倾听你的马（感觉他的反应），如果你的马想抗拒你的缰，那么他用多大力拉你就用多大的力来拉，如果他放松柔和下来，于是你也要放松下来。你很快地放松下来，你的马也会变得轻柔。

Remember, through, that a good stop comes from straightness. A horse really can’t stop well if he’s crooked or sideways. The way you get him straight is through the simple flexibility exercises in Chapter 15.

记住，自始至终，一个好的停止来自马的身体的正直。如果马体是弯曲的或向一侧倾斜的那他无论如何也不可能完成好的停止。在第15章中有保持马体正直的方法和简单的弹性训练。

Quality stops aren’t about jerking, snatching or rushing the horse. It’s the preparation from the rider that allows the horse to follow a feel. Good stops are about teaching and not making the horse stop. Build in the “want-to,”

停止的质量不是来源于如何收缰、猛拉，这来源骑手有准备地动作并允许马跟着他的感觉动作。好的停止是关于如何教会马而不是如何控制马停止，停止是建立在“他想停”的基础上的。





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18 THE STOP AND BACK-UP

A great-stopping horse is soft and supple, not only physically, but also mentally. Physically he’s relaxed and mentally he understands.

一匹真正会停止的马是柔软而顺从的，不止是身体上会停止，而是精神上也懂得停止。也就是说在停止时身体上是放松的精神上是充分理解的。

Developing a nice stop on your horse shouldn’t be hard. The main thing is preparation. You want him to understand the stop and put effort into slowing down. You don’t want him working through feat.

使你的马形成好的停止动作不应用强制猛烈的方法。最重要的是要使其有准备地停止。你需要使马理解停止以及在慢慢地停下时给予他成就感，而并不是希望他通过简单的技术来完成动作。

Many people make the mistake of trying to snatch or jerk their horse into the ground. That’s a terrible fault because now the horse works through pain, which creates feat. Remember that a bit works through pressure. If your horse is in pain, he can’t concentrate on the task at hand. He only anticipates the snatch or jerk, which makes for an out-of-position, nervous and unpredictable horse.

许多人犯的错误是通过猛拉来使马停止，这是一种极糟的错误！因为马在工作中作出动作的时候是痛苦的。记住：一定用非常小的压力来完成动作。如果你的马处在痛苦中，他就无法把注意力集中在所需要完成的工作上，他只是在时刻等待着对付那即将到来的猛烈拉拽，这就形成了那种姿势总是变形的、紧张的、无法预料和控制的马。

When a horse stops correctly, he puts his weight on his hindquarters and elevates his front end. The main reason a horse stops incorrectly, in other words, on his front end, is that he wasn’t prepared. He was out of position at the time he was asked to stop- his head was too high or too low, his body was crooked, or the rider jerked his bit. No one told him he was going to stop. There was no preparation.

当马正确地停止时，他的重量是压在后肢上的，而前肢是可提举的。马不正确停止的原因，换句话说，就是停止时重量压在前肢上了。也就是当他还没准备好停止的时候令其停止，他的姿势就会变形，他的头太高或过低，他的身体是弯曲的，骑手正猛拉衔铁，没有人告诉他即将做停止动作，这就是无准备的停止。

Here’s how to teach your horse to stop willingly and well.

下面是如何教会你的马自动地和很好地停止。



Develop the Stop

Start at a walk. The best cues for a stop are to sit down and melt into the saddle, basically stop riding or moving. This Prepares your horse for the stop by signaling to him what you’re doing. He feels the change – your lack of movement – so he stops moving, too, At the same time, use one of your most important verbal cues, “whoa.” If the horse doesn’t respond, only then pick up on the reins and hold. The moment he stops, release your hold.

开始慢步，给马最好的停止提示是深坐入马鞍，基本保持不动，这就是你所需要做的给予马的准备停止的信号，马感觉到了变化——你不动了——于是马也停止了移动，与此同时，用你最重要的口头提示“喔——”。如果马没有作出反应，只是在此时收住缰并保持住，于是马停止，然后你要马上松缰。

To walk out again, liven the activity in above. To stop, simply melt down in your saddle and quit riding, Say “whoa.” Do this over and over until your horse understands the cues.

再次慢步，保持有节奏的骑坐。停止，只是深坐入鞍子保持不动，说：“喔——”。反复这样做直到你的马理解了这种提示。

One good exercise is getting your horse to :”think” stop. Assume a working trot, either through the cones or out on a trail, ask your horse to stop every so often, maybe 10, 12,15 times. Trot 10 yards, then stop. Trot another 15 yards, stop. Trot 5 yard, stop. Trot 20 yards, stop. What you’ll find is that, all of a sudden, your horse anticipates or “thinks” stop. You won’t believe how fast he’ll pick up on this. I guarantee it. Every time you sit and say “whoa,” your horse will think stop and put on the brakes.

一个好的训练是使你的马“想”停止。采用工作状态的小跑，或者圈乘跑步，经常地要求你的马做停止动作，大概10次、12次或者15次，跑10码然后停止，再跑15码，停止；跑5码停止，再跑20码，停止。你会发现，每一次突然停止，你的马都会先你一步预见到或者叫“想到”停止，你不会相信他是如何这么快就对此熟悉起来，我担保是这样的，每一次你坐下来说“喔——”，你的马都会想到停止并迅速刹车！

Be careful of where your hands are, especially on a young horse. Don’t put them too high or low; hold them in a natural way. Be soft and create good habits from the beginning.

一定要小心用手，特别是对年轻的马。不要把马头拉得太高或过低；要用自然的方法控缰。要柔和，从开始的时候就养成好的习惯。

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红缨枪

15章有翻吗？呵呵，提高初级水平骑手的水平，从基础教育作起。期待ing:)

亚洲风暴