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户外医疗专题

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1#
发表于 2007-3-29 19:22:31 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">黑丑的话</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">先介绍一下自己:黑丑,男,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">38</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">92</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年毕业东南大学临床医学系,后为北大医学部外科学硕士、协和医科大学外科学博士。现北京某三级甲等医院副主<st1:personname productid="任" w:st="on">任</st1:personname>医师。临床工作</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">15</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年,历经骨科、腹部外科、脑外、胸外、泌尿等科室,其中外科急诊</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">自从走入户外后,我就想利用自己的专业知识对驴友提供一点帮助。刚到绿野的时候,我就发现了多数驴友户外医疗知识欠缺的问题。可惜,因为种种的原因,想法没有落到实处。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我将陆续给大家介绍有关户外医疗的知识,如果驴友们还有希望了解的内容,我会查找有关资料后给出回答,有不同的意见,盼不吝指出,我们一起讨论后找到最佳的答案。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我所提供的只是一些处理的原则和基本的操作,在应用时要根据当时的实际情况,具体问题具体分析。希望这个能给大家提供实实在在的帮助。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">初步设想,内容不是特种兵的生存指南,也不是到了医院急诊室后的处理,应该是针对准备充分的、一周以内的户外活动时所发生意外时,非专业人员可以进行的相对专业的医疗救护。为了说明问题,在所写的内容中,我会给出一些解剖、生理、病理等方面较为专业的东西,如果你不感兴趣,尽管跳过去好了,关注你有可能要用到的、该怎样进行正确处理的知识。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我所写的东西,部分内容有引用他人的地方,但保证是原创。为了避免意外的发生,减轻意外发生后的后果,驴友们可以自由转帖。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">谢谢!</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">黑丑</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

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2#
 楼主| 发表于 2007-3-29 19:24:07 | 只看该作者

走进户外前最重要的事

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在进入户外活动之前,最重要的事是什么?是买一个顶级的背包,一双舒适的好鞋?还是选择一只成熟的队伍,找一个负责的领队?都不是,最重要的是准备好你自己!</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不知热衷于户外的驴友中,有多少人对自己的身体状况有一个清醒的、理智的认识?有多少人做过定期的、详细的体检,作过身体素质测评?有多少人对即将出行所需的体力有准备?我想,这样的驴友所占的百分比不会高。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">说两件自己的经历:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">去年我在去西藏以前,在知道全程有人接待的情况下,我利用职务之便作了详细的身体检查,在没有问题后才有了一次愉快的高原之旅。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">去年参加的一次柏峪到灵山之行,也和夏子的路线一样。在山上才知道队中一位</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">mm</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">患心肌炎出院后才一个月,而且以前还没有参加过这样大运动量的活动。大家反复劝说也不肯下山。说实在的,虽然我不是领队,但一路上我的心一直是在嗓子眼里,只能替她背背包,减轻她的负重,生怕有什么意外发生。谢天谢地,大家平安走完了全程。但我想,这次行程对她以后的身体状况会有一定负面影响的。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">去年的小倩和今年的夏子,她们一个是在酷热下,一个是在寒冷中离去,给户外活动带来了极大的震动。震动之余,我看了网上的资料。因为没有尸解的报告,我不敢断言,但从所看到的资料中认为:酷热和寒冷只是诱因,她们离开的直接原因不是中暑和冻伤。她们对自己的身体状况没有一个理智的认识,应该在事件中占有一定的责任。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一只队伍中出了类似这样的事,对于当事者本人,对于领队,对于队友都是灾难性的后果。所以,我希望驴友们将买装备的钱省一点下来,先去作一次详细的体检和体质测评,准备好你自己,对自己的身体状况有个清醒的认识。以此为基础,选择合适自己的队伍和领队,把意外发生的可能性降到最小。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">未雨绸寥,防止意外的发生,应该是进行户外活动前最重要的事情。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
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3#
 楼主| 发表于 2007-3-29 19:25:27 | 只看该作者

户外救护中的非医疗因素

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在进行户外救护时,有几点非医疗的因素。应该是救护者和被救护者都应该知道的:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 0cm"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">1、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">冷静理智:发生意外,产生慌乱是正常的。但惊慌失措、七嘴八舌不会对事情有任何帮助,只能使事情变得越来越糟。要反复告诉自己不要慌乱,尽量在最短的时间里冷静下来。理智地判断发生事情的严重性,自己所处的环境,自己能够做什么?该怎样做?手边有的工具是什么?怎么样用到它们?怎样尽快求助专业医疗机构?等等。在越短的时间里做到这点,所取得的救治效果就会越好。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 0cm"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">2、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">尽力而为:作为救护者,只要自己用正确的救治方法,尽力而为,那么不管以后出现的结果是好是坏,都可以问心无愧,不要让自己在将来有遗憾。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">3、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">判断风险:要知道,许多救治的方法都是会产生并发症的,而且有的并发症比原发病所产生的后果更为严重。应该采取对被救护者最有益的方法,不要只是为了救护而救护,盲目采用自己没有把握的手段,导致悲剧的发生。要迅速判断自己和被救护者所处的环境,是否还有威胁存在?采取必要的安全措施脱离险境,避免使自己和被救护者置于危险的境地。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">4、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">无私奉献:户外救治要求救护者无私奉献,要放弃很多东西,但我想队友的生命和健康,将会是对奉献最好的回报。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">5、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">全力合作:在救护时,救护者应该相互配合,全力合作,切忌相互指责,相互拆台。有不同意见提出时,要冷静考虑,选择最优方案。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">6、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">持之以恒:救护一旦开始,就要做到竭尽全力,不到最后一刻决不放弃,往往奇迹都是在最后的时刻发生的。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">7、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">自我保护:救护者在救护时要做到自我保护,防止自己被交叉感染。应该尽量避免直接接触到被救护者的体液,应该使用无菌手套,及时清洗自己的双手。在进行口对口人工呼吸时,有条件尽量使用人工呼吸面罩。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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4#
 楼主| 发表于 2007-3-29 19:26:53 | 只看该作者

随身医药包的准备

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 35pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5; tab-stops: center 207.65pt right 415.3pt" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">户外出行,长途跋涉,减负非常重要,但随身的医药包应该是不可或缺的。没有随身的医药包,一旦发生意外,光靠两只手是解决不了太多问题的。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 35pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5; tab-stops: center 207.65pt right 415.3pt" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 35pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5; tab-stops: center 207.65pt right 415.3pt" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">医药包的内容随出行的目的地、季节可以有所增减。下面提供随身应该携带的东西,其用途在以后的内容中会有所介绍。考虑到大家不容易得到专业的医疗器械,我尽量用大家手边容易得到的工具来替代,虽然效果可能会有所降低,但在使用上应该是没有什么太大问题的。供驴友们参考,不足之处请补充:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 35pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5; tab-stops: center 207.65pt right 415.3pt" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 35pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5; tab-stops: center 207.65pt right 415.3pt" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">器械:无菌手套</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">副,弹力绷带</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">卷,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><a href="http://www.120cc.com/CHANPIN/cp01shabubengdai.htm"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none"><span lang="EN-US">纱布绷带</span></span></a>1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">卷,医用酒精<span lang="EN-US">50ml</span>(或者碘伏<span lang="EN-US">50ml</span>),创可贴<span lang="EN-US">5</span>只,麝香壮骨膏或类似膏药<span lang="EN-US">4</span>帖, 无菌纱布<span lang="EN-US">4</span>块(或独立包装卫生巾<span lang="EN-US">4</span>只),止血带<span lang="EN-US">1</span>条(或避孕套<span lang="EN-US">5</span>只)。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 35pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5; tab-stops: center 207.65pt right 415.3pt" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 35pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5; tab-stops: center 207.65pt right 415.3pt" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">还有一些重要的器械如三角巾、镊子、剪刀、刀片、缝合针线、胶布、固定器、甲板等,因为可以利用手边常用的户外用品替代,这里就不一一列出了,但在救援队的装备里,是应该准备的。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 35pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5; tab-stops: center 207.65pt right 415.3pt" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 35pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5; tab-stops: center 207.65pt right 415.3pt" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">药品:根据所要去的地点、时间长短和个人的具体情况,准备的药品的种类和数量可以有所不同。应该准备的药物有:抗生素、止泄药、抗感冒药、抗晕动药、抗过敏药、蛇药、驱蚊剂、抗生素软膏、止痛药和防暑药等等,以后我会在各有关内容中提到。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 35pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5; tab-stops: center 207.65pt right 415.3pt" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 这些东西应该放在一个固定的地方,出行时能随时携带,定期检查和更换到期药品。</span>
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5#
 楼主| 发表于 2007-3-29 19:28:34 | 只看该作者

复苏术

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">大家都在讨论心肺复苏,那我们的户外医疗救护就先从大家最关心的复苏术开始。因为户外活动主要是成年人,所以这里只提及有关成年人的心肺复苏的问题。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">复苏的定义很简单:<strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">一切为了挽救生命的医疗措施,都属于复苏的范畴。</strong>因为复苏的重点是恢复心跳与呼吸,所以一般也称为心肺复苏。特点是:现场性、社会性和时间性。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">呼吸、心跳停止的初期复苏必须强调<strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">迅速和有效</strong>。于最短时间内判断出心跳、呼吸停止,并立即施行人工呼吸和体外心脏按压,这样才能达到迅速及时的要求;人工呼吸和心脏按压的技术操作必须正确无误,如此方能认为有效。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当怀疑有呼吸、心跳停止时,可先轻轻摇动病人并作简单询问,借以明确神志是否尚存。然后触诊颈总动脉是否有脉,只要病人的呼吸脉搏均已消失,且颈总动脉无脉搏可以触之,意识丧失,瞳孔放大,皮肤发紫或苍白,即可断定呼吸心跳停止,应及时进行复苏术。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">1、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">使伤病者在平坦坚实的地面上保持仰卧,使其头部和心脏在同一水平上,平放其双腿</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 27pt; TEXT-INDENT: -9pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">2、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">救护者跪在伤病者身体右侧,位于其头部和胸部的中间位置。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 27pt; TEXT-INDENT: -9pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.28"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、最常见和有效的人工呼吸是口对口人工呼吸:救护者一手将患者下颌向上、后方勾起,使头部后仰,使后缩到喉内的舌头抬起,不阻塞气道。如果有异物,分泌物呕吐物等应该清除。一手将患者鼻孔捏闭,然后深吸一口气,对患者的口内用力吹入。要点是:每次吸气时必须尽量吸入,吹出时必须用力。如此反复,每分钟</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">12</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.28"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">4、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">维持血液循环:用两根手指(食指和中指,不可以用拇指)按在伤病者靠近你一侧的颈动脉上,测脉搏</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">-</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">10</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">秒。如果没有脉搏或任何血液循环迹象,要立即实施心外按压。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">按压胸部的位置、姿势:救护者两手掌伸开,彼此重叠或交叉,两臂伸直,凭身体重力前倾,使交叉的手掌根部压迫患者的胸骨下部,施压的力量使胸骨下沉</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">3~<st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="cm" sourcevalue="4" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">4cm</st1:chmetcnv></font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,压下即放开,使胸骨自行弹回原位。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">5、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如果是两人进行操作,可一人进行人工呼吸,每分</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">12</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次,即每</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次心外按压后加入一次人工呼吸。如果自有一人进行,则宜每分钟挤压</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">80</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次,每间隔</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">15</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次加入</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次人工呼吸。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">6、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">复苏有效结果判断:肤色转红,可以触及大动脉,瞳孔没有继续放大或有回缩。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">7、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">放弃指针:触不到动脉搏动、瞳孔固定不回缩,尸斑或尸僵出现。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">心肺复苏的并发症:肋骨骨折,折断的肋骨刺伤心、肺、气管以及腹腔内脏器。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">写到这里,我有一种纸上谈兵的感觉,如果看的人没有见过或者操作过心肺复苏,看完后应该还是什么都不懂。不知各位驴友是否有同感?的确,有些东西光看文字而不实际操作,是理解不了的。以后的搬运术、包扎固定技术等都存在这个问题。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我个人的想法:如果条件成熟,我们可否进行操作的培训,只要实地操作一次,就会理解和掌握的。另外,可否将操作内容拍成</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">DVD</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,看实物应该比看文字要好的。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在目前没有条件的情况下,只有先将文字内容贴上。如果各位驴友有什么想法,请提出,以便是大家能尽早掌握户外救护技术。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

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谢谢楼主的分享,学习了。 另外,结合本人学习的北美野外医疗急救课程,以及北京和深圳急救中心根据美国心脏学会的新数据制定的新标准,有很多急救标准也修正,举例部分规范和数据供大家参考! 比如心肺复苏的部分:  详情 回复 发表于 2013-1-31 00:23
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 楼主| 发表于 2007-3-29 19:29:58 | 只看该作者

重要的搬运术

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">搬运工作在户外医疗救护中应该占有一个非常重要的地位。搬运工作及时正确,不但可以使被救护者迅速得到全面的检查和治疗,还能减少该过程中的再伤害。搬运不当,则会在该过程中使病情加重,使以前现场的抢救工作前功尽弃。所以,搬运术是值得强调的。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">搬运的方法有许多,我这里给大家作个简单介绍,主要强调一下我们在户外能实际用得上的方法。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 62.9pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 62.9pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">一、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">器械搬运法:该法最为常用且合适,应该掌握。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 62.9pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 62.9pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 62.9pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 62.9pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">1、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">帆布担架:相信大家都见过,不多说。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 62.9pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 62.9pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 62.9pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">2、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">绳索担架:坚实的木板或竹竿二根,两边以横木固定后形成方框,中间缠有比较坚实的绳索。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 62.9pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 0cm"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">3、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">被服担架:玩户外的人都应该掌握的方法</span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,很简单但有效。以衣服两件,将衣袖向内翻,形成两个管后,插入木</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">棍、竹竿或强度足够的登山仗,再将纽扣和拉链拉好即可,注意防止运输过程中纽扣或拉链松脱。毕竟,正规担架虽好,但不可能每次出游都要扛副担架的,所以该法一定要了解和掌握。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 0cm"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">搬运时,将被救护者移上担架,头部向后,脚向前,这样,后面抬担架的人可以随时观察病情的变化。抬担架的人应步调一致,前面的出左脚,后面的出右脚,平稳前行。在向上攀登时,前面的人放低,后面的人抬高,是被救护者保持在水平状态。下山时则相反。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 0cm"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">二、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">徒手搬运法:在实在没有担架,被救护者病情不重,可以采用徒手搬运,但该法对救护者和被救护者都比较累,一些病重的被救护者不宜用该法。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 0cm"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 83.9pt; TEXT-INDENT: -47.9pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 54.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">1、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">单人搬运:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 83.9pt; TEXT-INDENT: -47.9pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 54.0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">扶持法:对病情较轻,能站立行走的被救护者可用此法。救护者立于被救护者一侧,使其靠近自己的一臂揽着自己的颈部,用自己的同侧手牵住,另一手伸过被救护者背部,扶持其腰,使其身体略靠自己。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">抱持法:被救护者可以站立,救护者立于其一侧,一手托其背部,一手托其大腿,将其抱起。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">背负法:救护者于被救护者前方同向,微弯背部,将其背起。如果被救护者不能站立,则救护者躺于其一侧,一手紧握被救护者肩部,另一手抱其腿,用力翻身,使其负于自己背上后慢慢站起。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 83.9pt; TEXT-INDENT: -47.9pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 63.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">2、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多人搬运法:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 83.9pt; TEXT-INDENT: -47.9pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 63.0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">拉车式:两个救护者,一个在被救护者头部,双手托其腋下,一个在其双腿之间,二人步调一致,慢慢将其托起。<strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="COLOR: red">该法切忌用于腰部受伤的被救护者,谨记!!!</span></strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="COLOR: red"></span></strong></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: red"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">椅托式:两个救护者在被救护者两侧对立。甲以右膝,乙以左膝跪地,各以一手插入被救护者大腿下相互紧握,多余手交替搭在对方肩部,支持被救护者的背部。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">三人搬运法:三人并排于被救护者同侧,将其抱起,齐步前行。<strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">该法适用于腰部受伤的被救护者。</strong></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
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7#
 楼主| 发表于 2007-3-29 19:31:01 | 只看该作者

急性软组织挫伤的治疗原则

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.57"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">户外活动中,最常见的损伤应该是急性软组织的挫伤,一般我们都把肌肉、肌腱、韧带的扭伤、拉伤都统称为软组织挫伤。常见的大腿肌肉拉伤、踝关节扭伤等都是在此范围。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.57"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.57"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">损伤后机体的反应为:首先是无数毛细血管的破裂、出血,局部有细胞的失活。随即发生炎性反应,在组织胺、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">5-</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">羟色胺等炎性因子的作用下,微血管先发生短暂的收缩,然后扩张和充血,通透性增加,血管内的水、蛋白和一些细胞从血管内渗入组织间隙。损伤性炎症在伤后</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">24-72</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">小时到达高峰期,然后逐渐消退。局部表现为红、肿、热、痛,这就是创伤的炎症期。以后的增生期和塑性期不在我们讨论的范畴,在此不赘述。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.57"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.57"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">根据以上的病理表现,治疗就可以有针对性。所以在创伤发生后,</span><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">应早期采用</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">RICE</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">常规治疗,即局部休息、冰敷、加压包扎及抬高患肢(</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">rest</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">,</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">ice, compression, elevation</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">)</span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.57"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.57"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">局部制动,冷敷、加压包扎和抬高患肢都是为了降低局部的血液流通,增加组织间的压力,从而减轻炎症反应的发生,医疗包中的弹力绷带和绷带在这里就有用武之处。伤后马上进行的热敷、按摩、贴膏药等都会使局部血流加剧,增加肿胀的发生,应该是禁忌的。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.57"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.57"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">创伤的紧急处理是为了控制创伤反应以利愈合及康复。急性期后的治疗一般在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">48</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">小时(我自己在临床中的经验是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">72</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">小时更好)后酌情作理疗、按摩,服用非类固醇类消炎止痛药物。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.57"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.57"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">最后还是老话,损伤要防范于未然:运动前作好准备活动,不要疲乏运动,穿一双高帮的鞋有助与踝关节的保护等等,使运动创伤的发生率降到最低才是正道。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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8#
发表于 2007-3-30 09:52:03 | 只看该作者

支持专业人士!我想请问,如果在户外遇到危险,有没有哪家医院的急救电话提供远程急救处理指导?(即使医生赶不到,但能指导现场人员如何处理也是好的)

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9#
发表于 2007-3-30 10:28:04 | 只看该作者

顶!下次根专业人士走走,多学一点医学知识

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10#
 楼主| 发表于 2007-4-1 18:41:40 | 只看该作者

止血法

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">外伤后出血,分为外出血和?出血。内出血为胸腔、腹腔、颅内出血,情况较为严重,现场一般无法处理。下面介绍几种常见外出血的处理方法:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt -0.05pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.05pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 27.0pt; mso-para-margin-left: -.01gd"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">1、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">包扎止血:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt -0.05pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.05pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 27.0pt; mso-para-margin-left: -.01gd"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一般用于无明显动脉出血的病例。小创面出血,简单用清水冲洗后,用消毒纱布或卫生巾覆盖创口,绷带或三角巾包扎。如果创口较大而出血较多时,要加压包扎止血。包扎的压力应适度,除达到止血而又不影响肢体远端血运为度。包扎后若远端动脉还可触到搏动,皮色无明显变化即为适度。严禁用泥土、灰烬等撒在伤口上,造成伤口感染,给下一步治疗带来麻烦。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.1pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 27.0pt; mso-para-margin-left: -.01gd"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">2、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">指压法止血:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: -0.1pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 27.0pt; mso-para-margin-left: -.01gd"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">用于处理出血较急的动脉出血。用手指在出血动脉的近心端的临近骨面上,阻断血运的来源。该方法简便,能迅速有效达到止血目的,但止血不易持久,事先必须了解正确的压迫点才会有效。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">常见的压迫点:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">1)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">头面部指压动脉止血法:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">压迫颞动脉:在耳前下颌关节处,可止同侧上额、颞部和前头部出血。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">压迫颌外动脉:一手固定头部,一手拇指压在前下方</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">2/3</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">处,可止同侧脸下部及口腔出血。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">压迫颈动脉:将胸锁乳突肌中断前缘的颈动脉压至颈椎横突上,可止同侧头颈部、咽部等较广泛的出血。注意压迫时间不要太长,更不能同时压住双侧,引起脑缺血,不要因匆忙将气管压住,引起呼吸梗阻。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">2)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">四肢指压动脉止血法:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">指压肱动脉:用于一侧肘关节以下的外伤大出血,救护者一手固定伤员手臂,一手指压上臂中段内侧,阻断肱动脉血流。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">指压桡、尺动脉:适用于手部大出血,救护者双手的拇指和食指分别压迫伤侧手腕的桡动脉和尺动脉,因为二者在手掌有广泛的吻合,所以必须同时压迫桡动脉和尺动脉。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">指压指(趾)动脉:用于手指(脚趾)出血,用食指和拇指分别压迫手指(脚趾)两侧的指(趾)动脉,阻断血流。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">直接压迫止血法:用于较小伤口的出血,用无菌纱布直接压迫伤口处,压迫</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">10</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分钟。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 44.85pt; TEXT-INDENT: -44.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: -3.21; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 9.0pt; mso-para-margin-left: -.01gd"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">3、<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">止血带止血法:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 44.85pt; TEXT-INDENT: -44.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: -3.21; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 9.0pt; mso-para-margin-left: -.01gd"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">较大的肢体动脉出血,应该上止血带,在没有橡胶带的情况下,可以用多个避孕套拧在一起用,一般不主张用无弹性的尼龙绳等。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上肢止血法:止血带应扎在上臂的上</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">1/3</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">处,<strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="COLOR: red">禁扎中段,避免损伤桡神经。</span></strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="COLOR: red"></span></strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">下肢止血法:止血带扎在大腿的中部。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上止血带前,先将伤肢抬高,尽量使静脉血回流,并用软质辅料垫好局部后再在止血带,以远端肢体动脉刚摸不到为度。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">使用止血带要领:</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 9pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 9.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">1)<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">松紧合适,如果太紧,时间过长,会引起软组织缺血坏死。如果太松,动脉远端仍有血流,而静脉回流反而受阻,出血会更多。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 9pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 9.0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 9pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 9.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">2)<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">部位正确:已如上所述。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 9pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 9.0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 9pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 9.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="mso-list: Ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">3)<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">明显标记:扎好止血带后,一定做明显的标志,写明上止血带的时间和部位,以免忘记定时放松,造成肢体缺血时间过长而坏死。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 9pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 9.0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">&nbsp;4)定时放松:上止血带后每半小时到一小时放松一次,放松</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">3~5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">分钟后再扎上,放松时可以暂时用指压法止血。</span>
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